Surgical bending instrument

ABSTRACT

A system and a method are provided for a surgical bending instrument for bending surgical implants. The surgical bending instrument comprises a body including a center lever comprising a wheel and a cam. A distal force applicator comprises a driver centered between a first grip and a second grip. In some embodiments, the distal force applicator is configured to retain a surgical staple, such that the surgical staple may be changed to a distracted configuration suitable for implantation at a bone fixation or fusion site of a patient. In some embodiments, the distal force applicator is configured to bend a bone fusion plate so as to tailor the plate to specific anatomy of the patient&#39;s bone.

PRIORITY

This application is a continuation, and claims the benefit of, U.S.patent application Ser. No. 15/992,065 filed May 29, 2018 and U.S.Patent Application, entitled “Surgical Bending Instrument,” filed onApr. 6, 2017 and having application Ser. No. 15/480,612, which is acontinuation of, and claims the benefit of, U.S. Patent Application,entitled “Surgical Bending Instrument,” filed on Feb. 11, 2016 andhaving application Ser. No. 15/041,959, which claims the benefit of, andpriority to, U.S. Provisional Application, entitled “Surgical BendingInstrument,” filed on Feb. 14, 2015 and having application Ser. No.62/116,387, the entirety of each of said applications being incorporatedherein by reference.

FIELD

The field of the present disclosure generally relates to securing bonestogether. More particularly, the field of the disclosure relates to anapparatus and a method for a surgical bending instrument for implantingsurgical implants at bone fixation or fusion sites of a patient.

BACKGROUND

Surgical staples or a fusion bone plate implant utilized in conjunctionwith one or more fasteners may be used to generate compression andstability at a bone interface. An implant generally serves to stabilizebones, or bone parts, relative to one another so as to promote bonefusion. In many applications, surgical staples, or bone plates andfasteners are used to fuse bones, or bone parts, of the human body, suchas bones in the foot, the ankle, the hand, the wrist, as well as variousother portions of the body. Surgical staples are particularlyadvantageous in the hands and feet due to a low dorsal profile of thestaples once they are implanted. Furthermore, during the course ofcertain medical procedures, a surgeon may immobilize one or more bonesor bone fragments by stabilizing the bones together in a configurationwhich approximates the natural anatomy. To this end, the surgeon may usefasteners to attach the bones to a bone plate implant so as to hold thebones in alignment with one another while they fuse together.

SUMMARY

An apparatus and a method are provided for a surgical bending instrumentfor bending surgical implants. The surgical bending instrument comprisesa body including a longitudinally extending threaded hole. A shaftcomprising a threaded portion is rotatably engaged within the threadedhole. A handle is coupled to a proximal end of the shaft, and a distalextension of the shaft comprises a driver. A distal force applicatorcomprises the driver centered between a first grip and a second grip. Insome embodiments, the distal force applicator is configured to retain asurgical staple, such that the surgical staple may be changed to adistracted configuration suitable for implantation at a bone fixation orfusion site of a patient. In some embodiments, the distal forceapplicator is configured to bend a bone fusion plate so as to tailor theplate to specific anatomy of the patient's bone. The surgical bendinginstrument may be packaged into sterile surgery-specific kits comprisingother surgical tools, such as drill guides, drill sizers, tamps,forceps, staple removal tools, drills, temporary pins, drill depthstops, fusion bone plates, bone plate fasteners, compression screws, andthe like.

In an exemplary embodiment, a surgical bending instrument for bendingsurgical implants comprises a body supporting a distal force applicatorand a proximal handle; a first grip and a second grip of the distalforced applicator configured to retain the surgical implant; and adriver of the distal force applicator configured to exert adistally-directed force so as to bend the surgical implant.

In another exemplary embodiment, a shaft is threadably engaged within alongitudinally extending hole within the body, a distal extension of theshaft comprising the driver, and a proximal handle is fixedly coupled toa proximal end of the shaft. In another exemplary embodiment, the driverand the shaft are separate components that are engaged with one another.In another exemplary embodiment, the shaft communicates mechanicalforces applied at the proximal handle to the driver. In anotherexemplary embodiment, rotating the proximal handle relative to the bodymoves the driver longitudinally relative to the body. In anotherexemplary embodiment, twisting the proximal handle clockwise moves thedriver distally into contact with the crown, such that the surgicalstaple is clasped between the grips and the driver, wherein furtherclockwise twisting of the proximal handle changes the surgical staplefrom an initial configuration to a distracted configuration suitable forimplantation across a bone fusion or fixation site of a patient. Inanother exemplary embodiment, twisting the proximal handlecounterclockwise retracts the driver proximally away from the crown,allowing the surgical staple to relax from the distracted configurationand compress the bone fusion or fixation site.

In another exemplary embodiment, a lever comprising a wheel and aperipheral cam is rotatably mounted on a pivot within the body, suchthat when the lever is moved proximally, the cam forcibly pushes thedriver so as to exert a distally-directed force onto the surgicalimplant. In another exemplary embodiment, a lever comprising a wheel anda peripheral cam is rotatably mounted on a pivot within the body, suchthat moving the lever proximally causes the cam to exert adistally-directed force onto the surgical implant. In another exemplaryembodiment, the surgical bending instrument comprises a rigid materialsuitable for bending surgical implants.

In another exemplary embodiment, the distal force applicator isconfigured to retain a surgical staple, such that the surgical staplemay be changed to a distracted configuration suitable for implantationat a bone fixation or fusion site of a patient. In another exemplaryembodiment, the surgical staple is indicated for fixation of osteotomiesand joint arthrodeses of the hands and feet. In another exemplaryembodiment, the distal force applicator is configured to bend a bonefusion plate so as to tailor the plate to specific anatomy of apatient's bone.

In another exemplary embodiment, the first and second grips areconfigured to support a crown of a surgical staple when the driver isplaced into forcible contact with the center of the crown. In anotherexemplary embodiment, the driver and the grips operate to retain thesurgical staple within the distal force applicator, thereby facilitatingimplanting the staple into the patient. In another exemplary embodiment,the first and second grips engage the surgical staple on opposite sidesof the crown, thereby preventing the surgical staple from becomingdislodged from the distal force applicator during implantation into apatient. In another exemplary embodiment, the first and second gripshave a separation distance comparable with the length of the crown. Inanother exemplary embodiment, the first and second grips have anadjustable separation distance so as to facilitate using the surgicalbending instrument with a variety of differently-sized staples.

In another exemplary embodiment, the surgical bending instrument ispackaged into sterile surgery-specific kits comprising other surgicaltools, such as drill guides, drill sizers, tamps, forceps, stapleremoval tools, drills, temporary pins, drill depth stops, fusion boneplates, bone plate fasteners, compression screws, and the like.

In an exemplary embodiment, a method of using a surgical bendinginstrument for implanting a surgical staple at a bone fixation or fusionsite of a patient comprises loading the surgical staple into a distalforce applicator of the surgical bending instrument, such that thesurgical staple is in contact with a first grip and a second grip;advancing a driver into forcible contact with a crown of the surgicalstaple, the surgical staple being clasped between the first grip, thesecond grip, and the driver; distracting the surgical staple, such thata first leg and a second leg of the surgical staple are parallel to oneanother; inserting the surgical staple through an incision and slidingthe first and second legs into parallel holes drilled across a bonefusion or fixation site of the patient; retracting the driver from thecrown so as to allow the surgical staple to compress the bone fusion orfixation site; disengaging the first and second grips from the crown;pushing the surgical staple into the parallel holes until the crown isin contact with the patient's bone; and closing the incision by way ofsuturing.

In another exemplary embodiment, advancing further comprises rotating aproximal handle clockwise so as to move the driver distally into contactwith the crown, the driver being connected to the proximal handle by wayof a threaded shaft extending longitudinally through the surgicalbending instrument. In another exemplary embodiment, distracting thesurgical staple further comprises twisting the proximal handle clockwiseto move the driver distally into the crown until the first and secondlegs are parallel with one another. In another exemplary embodiment,retracting further comprises rotating the proximal handlecounterclockwise so as to move the driver proximally away from thecrown, thereby allowing the first and second legs to bend toward oneanother.

In an exemplary embodiment, a surgical bending instrument for implantinga surgical staple at a bone fusion site of a patient comprises: a bodysupporting a first grip and a second grip that are configured to retaina crown of the surgical staple; a driver configured to exert adistally-directed force onto the top of the crown between the first gripand the second grip; and a proximal handle configured to move the driverlongitudinally relative to the body.

In another exemplary embodiment, the first grip and the second grip aredisposed on the same side of the surgical staple and configured tosupport opposite ends underneath the crown. In another exemplaryembodiment, the first grip and the second grip are configured toforcibly retain the crown when the driver contacts the center of thecrown. In another exemplary embodiment, the first grip and the secondgrip have a separation distance comparable with the length of the crown.In another exemplary embodiment, the first grip and the second grip havean adjustable separation distance so as to facilitate retaining avariety of differently-sized surgical staples.

In another exemplary embodiment, a shaft extending from the proximalhandle to the driver is threadably engaged within the body, such thatrotating the proximal handle moves the driver relative to the body. Inanother exemplary embodiment, clockwise rotation of the proximal handlemoves the driver distally and clasps the crown between the first grip,the second grip, and the driver, such that further clockwise rotationplaces the surgical staple into a distracted configuration suitable forimplantation across the bone fusion site. In another exemplaryembodiment, counterclockwise rotation of the proximal handle moves thedriver proximally, allowing the surgical staple to relax from thedistracted configuration and compress the bone fusion site.

In another exemplary embodiment, the proximal handle comprises a levercoupled with a cam that is pivotally mounted within the body, such thatproximal movement of the lever causes the cam to push the driver intoforcible contact with the crown. In another exemplary embodiment, movingthe lever to a maximally proximal position places the surgical stapleinto a distracted configuration suitable for implantation across thebone fusion site. In another exemplary embodiment, moving the leverdistally allows the surgical staple to relax from the distractedconfiguration and compress the bone fusion site.

In an exemplary embodiment, a surgical bending instrument fordistracting a surgical staple for implantation at a bone fusion site ofa patient comprises: a first grip and a second grip that are disposed onthe same side of the surgical staple and configured to support oppositeends underneath a crown of the surgical staple; a driver in mechanicalcommunication with a proximal handle and configured to exert a distalforce on top of the crown; and a body supporting at least the firstgrip, the second grip, and the driver.

In another exemplary embodiment, the proximal handle is configured tofacilitate moving the driver distally to clasp the crown between thefirst grip, the second grip, and the driver, and thereby place thesurgical staple into a distracted configuration suitable forimplantation across the bone fusion site, and wherein the proximalhandle is configured to move the driver proximally to allow the surgicalstaple to relax from the distracted configuration and compress the bonefusion site after implantation. In another exemplary embodiment, theproximal handle is coupled with the driver by way of a shaft threadablyretained within the body, whereby rotating the proximal handle moves thedriver longitudinally with respect to the body. In another exemplaryembodiment, the proximal handle is coupled with the driver by way of acam that is mounted pivotally within the body, whereby moving a levercoupled with the cam moves the driver longitudinally relative to thebody.

In an exemplary embodiment, a surgical staple for fixating osteotomiesand joint arthrodeses comprises a crown comprising an elongate memberhaving a first end and a second end; a first leg coupled with the firstend and extending obliquely from the crown toward a centerline of thecrown; a second leg coupled with the second end and extending obliquelyfrom the crown toward the centerline of the crown, the first leg and thesecond leg extending toward one another and sharing an acute angle; anda plurality of teeth disposed on an inner side of the first leg and aninner side the second leg, the plurality of teeth being configured toengage with a bone.

In another exemplary embodiment, the surgical staple is comprised of amaterial that is amenable to being placed into a distractedconfiguration and relaxed therefrom, such as by way of a suitablesurgical bending instrument. In another exemplary embodiment, thematerial is comprised of a metal alloy that exhibits shape memory andsuperelastic properties, such as Nitinol or other similar material.

In another exemplary embodiment, the plurality of teeth are biasedtoward the crown, such that the plurality of teeth offer relativelylittle resistance during implantation of the surgical staple into thebone and fixate the surgical staple within the bone after implantation.In another exemplary embodiment, the plurality of teeth is comprised ofseven teeth disposed along each of the first leg and the second leg. Inanother exemplary embodiment, one or more exterior teeth are disposedalong each of the first leg and the second leg, the one or more exteriorteeth being configured to cooperate with the plurality of teeth toengage the bone and prevent movement of the surgical staple after beingimplanted into the bone. In another exemplary embodiment, one or moreteeth are disposed along the crown and configured to engage with boneand prevent lateral movement of the crown along the surface of the bone.In another exemplary embodiment, the one or more teeth are biased towarda centerline of the crown.

In another exemplary embodiment, the crown further comprises an upperreinforced portion and a valley underneath the reinforced portion, thevalley being centrally disposed along the lower surface of the crown andbordered by edges. In another exemplary embodiment, the edges areconfigured to engage with bone and prevent lateral movement of the crownalong the surface of the bone once the surgical staple is implanted. Inanother exemplary embodiment, the reinforced portion is configured toimpart structural integrity to the surgical staple in compensation forthe presence of the valley.

In another exemplary embodiment, the crown is comprised of wing portionsdisposed at opposite ends of the crown and extending beyond the firstleg and the second leg. In another exemplary embodiment, the wingportions are configured to cooperate with at least the plurality ofteeth to fixate the surgical staple once implanted in the bone. Inanother exemplary embodiment, the wing portions are configured toreceive grips of a surgical bending instrument that is configured toplace the surgical staple into a distracted configuration.

In an exemplary embodiment, a surgical staple for fixating osteotomiesand joint arthrodeses comprises a crown comprised of an elongate memberhaving a first end and a second end; a first transverse portion disposedat the first end; a second transverse portion disposed at the secondend; a first leg and a second leg extending downward and parallelly fromopposite ends of the first transverse portion; a third leg and a fourthleg extending downward and parallelly from opposing ends of the secondtransverse portion; and a plurality of teeth disposed on each of thefirst leg, the second leg, the third leg, and the fourth leg andoriented toward a centerline of the crown.

In another exemplary embodiment, the first leg and the third leg extendobliquely from the crown toward the centerline and share an interveningacute angle, and wherein the second leg and the fourth leg extendobliquely from the crown toward the centerline and share an interveningacute angle. In another exemplary embodiment, the plurality of teethdisposed on the first leg and the plurality of teeth disposed on thethird leg are oriented toward one another and biased toward the crown,such that the first leg and the third leg cooperate to engage with abone disposed therebetween. In another exemplary embodiment, theplurality of teeth disposed on the second leg and the plurality of teethdisposed on the fourth leg are oriented toward one another and biasedtoward the crown, such that the second leg and the fourth leg cooperateto engage with a bone disposed therebetween.

In another exemplary embodiment, one or more exterior teeth are disposedalong at least one of the first leg, the second leg, the third leg, andthe fourth leg, the one or more exterior teeth being configured tocooperate with the plurality of teeth to engage a bone and preventmovement of the surgical staple after being implanted into the bone. Inanother exemplary embodiment, wing portions are disposed at oppositeends of the crown and extending beyond the first transverse portion andthe second transverse portion. In another exemplary embodiment, the wingportions are configured to receive grips of a surgical bendinginstrument that is configured to place the surgical staple into adistracted configuration.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The drawings refer to embodiments of the present disclosure in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates an upper perspective view of an exemplary embodimentof a surgical bending instrument in accordance with the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 2 illustrates a lower perspective view of an exemplary embodimentof a distal force applicator, according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 3A illustrates a ghost view of an exemplary embodiment of asurgical bending instrument retaining a surgical staple in an initialconfiguration, according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 3B illustrates a ghost view of the exemplary embodiment of thesurgical bending instrument illustrated in FIG. 3A distracting thesurgical staple in accordance with the present disclosure;

FIG. 4A illustrates a ghost view of an exemplary embodiment of asurgical bending instrument retaining a surgical staple in an initialconfiguration, according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 4B illustrates a ghost view of the exemplary embodiment of thesurgical bending instrument illustrated in FIG. 4A distracting thesurgical staple in accordance with the present disclosure;

FIG. 5A illustrates an upper perspective view of an exemplary embodimentof a surgical bending instrument retaining a surgical staple in aninitial configuration in accordance with the present disclosure;

FIG. 5B illustrates an upper perspective view of the exemplaryembodiment of the surgical bending instrument illustrated in FIG. 5Adistracting the surgical staple in accordance with the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 6 illustrates a side plan view of an exemplary embodiment of asurgical staple that may be implanted into bone in accordance with thepresent disclosure;

FIG. 7 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of asurgical staple comprised of a crown that includes an upper reinforcedportion and a valley underneath the reinforced portion;

FIG. 8 illustrates a side plan view of an exemplary embodiment of asurgical staple that is indicated for fixation of osteotomies and jointarthrodeses of the hands and feet; and

FIG. 9 illustrates an upper perspective view of an exemplary embodimentof a surgical staple that may be implanted into bone in accordance withthe present disclosure.

While the present disclosure is subject to various modifications andalternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by wayof example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. Theinvention should be understood to not be limited to the particular formsdisclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover allmodifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spiritand scope of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth inorder to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. Itwill be apparent, however, to one of ordinary skill in the art that theinvention disclosed herein may be practiced without these specificdetails. In other instances, specific numeric references such as “firstimplant,” may be made. However, the specific numeric reference shouldnot be interpreted as a literal sequential order but rather interpretedthat the “first implant” is different than a “second implant.” Thus, thespecific details set forth are merely exemplary. The specific detailsmay be varied from and still be contemplated to be within the spirit andscope of the present disclosure. The term “coupled” is defined asmeaning connected either directly to the component or indirectly to thecomponent through another component. Further, as used herein, the terms“about,” “approximately,” or “substantially” for any numerical values orranges indicate a suitable dimensional tolerance that allows the part orcollection of components to function for its intended purpose asdescribed herein.

In general, the present disclosure describes an apparatus and a methodfor a surgical bending instrument for bending surgical implants. Thesurgical bending instrument comprises a body including a longitudinallyextending hole, at least of portion of which comprising threads. A shaftcomprising a threaded portion passes through hole and is rotatablyengaged with the threads in the hole. A handle is fixedly coupled to aproximal end of the shaft, and a distal extension of the shaft comprisesa driver. A distal force applicator comprises a first grip, a secondgrip, and the driver centered between the first and second grips. Insome embodiments, the distal force applicator is configured to retain asurgical staple, such that the surgical staple may be changed to adistracted configuration suitable for implantation at a bone fixation orfusion site of a patient. In some embodiments, the distal forceapplicator is configured to bend a bone fusion plate so as to tailor theplate to specific anatomy of the patient's bone.

FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of asurgical bending instrument 100 in accordance with the presentdisclosure. The surgical bending instrument 100 comprises a proximalhandle 104, a body 108, and a distal force applicator 112. In theembodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1-2 , a surgical staple 116 is shownloaded within the distal force applicator 112, such that the surgicalstaple 116 is in a distracted configuration suitable for implantation ata bone fixation or fusion site of a patient. The surgical staple 116generally is of the variety indicated for fixation of osteotomies andjoint arthrodeses of the hands and feet. As such, the surgical staple116 preferably is comprised of a metal alloy exhibiting shape memory andsuperelastic properties, such as Nitinol or other similar material. Itshould be understood, however, that the surgical bending instrument 100is not to be limited to distracting surgical staples, but rather may beused in various other capacities, such as by way of non-limitingexample, bending a bone fusion plate so as to tailor the plate tospecific anatomy of a patient's bone being treated.

As best illustrated in FIG. 2 , the distal force applicator 112comprises a first grip 120, a second grip 124, and a driver 128 centeredthere between. The first and second grips 120, 124 are configured tocooperate so as to support a crown 132 of the surgical staple 116 whenthe driver 128 is placed into forcible contact with the center of thecrown 132. The forces on the crown 132 due to the driver 128 and thegrips 120, 124 operate to retain the surgical staple 116 within thedistal force applicator 112, thereby facilitating implanting the stapleinto the patient. As shown in FIG. 2 , the first and second grips 120,124 are configured to engage the surgical staple 116 on opposite sidesof the crown 132. As will be appreciated, engaging the crown 132 onopposite sides advantageously prevents the staple from becomingdislodged from the distal forced applicator 112 during distracting thestaple or implantation into the patient.

Preferably, the first and second grips 120, 124 have a separationdistance comparable with the length of the crown 132. Thus, asillustrated in FIGS. 3A-3B, the first grip 120 is positioned near afirst leg 136 of the surgical staple 132, and the second grip 124 ispositioned near a second leg 140 of the staple. It will be appreciated,therefore, that the distal force applicator 112 of the surgical bendinginstrument 100 is configured to be used with specific sizes of surgicalstaples 116. In some embodiments, the surgical bending instrument 100may be configured with an overall size so as to be used with specificsizes of surgical staples 116. In some embodiments, a color-matchingsystem may be utilized to indicate to the surgeon that certain surgicalstaples 116 may be implanted by way of the surgical bending instrument100. Further, in some embodiments, the first and second grips 120, 124may have an adjustable separation distance so as to facilitate using thesurgical bending instrument 100 with a variety of differently-sizedstaples.

FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate ghost views of the exemplary embodiment ofthe surgical bending instrument 100 illustrated in FIGS. 1-2 . A shaft144 passing through the body 108 comprises a threaded portion 148 andthe above-mentioned driver 128. In the illustrated embodiment, thedriver 128 comprises a distal extension of the shaft 144, having anarrower diameter than proximal portions of the shaft 144. In someembodiments, however, the driver 128 and the shaft 144 are separatecomponents which are engaged with one another. It will be appreciatedthat the shaft 144 communicates mechanical forces applied at theproximal handle 104 to the driver 128, and thus to the crown 132 of thestaple. In the illustrated embodiment, the threaded portion 148 isrotatably engaged with similar threads within a hole 152 extendinglongitudinally through the body 108. The shaft 144 is fixedly coupledwith the proximal handle 104 such that rotating the proximal handle 104relative to the body 108 rotates the shaft 144 within the hole 152, andthus moves the driver 128 longitudinally relative to the body 108.

As best illustrated in FIG. 3A, when the driver 128 is not in contactwith the crown, the surgical staple 116 is in an initial configurationwherein the first leg 136 and the second leg 140 of the staple bendtoward one another. During operation of the surgical bending instrument100, twisting the proximal handle 104 clockwise, as viewed from theperspective of a surgeon operating the instrument 100, advances theshaft 144 and moves the driver 128 distally toward the crown 132. Oncethe driver 128 contacts the center of the crown 132, the surgical staple116 becomes clasped between the grips 120, 124 and the driver 128.Further clockwise twisting of the proximal handle 104 exerts anincreasing degree of force onto the crown 132 by the grips 120, 124 andthe driver 128. As will be appreciated, the distally-directed force dueto the driver 128 and proximally-directed forces due to the grips 120,124 cause a corresponding distraction of the first and second legs 136,140. Thus, clockwise twisting of the proximal handle 104 enables thesurgeon to change the surgical staple 116 from the initialconfiguration, shown in FIG. 3A, to a distracted configuration whereinthe first and second legs 136, 140 are forced into a parallelrelationship, as illustrated in FIG. 3B.

Once the surgical staple 116 is in the distracted configuration, thesurgeon may use the surgical bending instrument 100 to slide the firstand second legs 136, 140 into parallel holes drilled across a bonefusion or fixation site of a patient. It will be appreciated that thethreaded portion 148 keeps the driver 128 in contact with the crown 132,thereby maintaining the distracted configuration of the surgical staple116 during implantation. The surgeon may insert the first and secondlegs 136, 140 into the parallel holes until the first and second grips120, 124 come into contact with the patient's bone. The surgeon may thentwist the proximal handle 104 counterclockwise so as to retract thedriver 128 proximally away from the crown 132, thereby allowing thesurgical staple 116 to relax from the distracted configuration. Theshape memory and superelastic properties of the material comprising thesurgical staple 116 ensure that the staple advantageously compresses thebones to be fused as the staple attempts to return to the initialconfiguration illustrated in FIG. 3A. Once the driver 128 has beensuitably retracted from the crown 132, the surgeon may disengage thefirst and second grips 120, 124 from the crown and then use a tamp topush the legs 136, 140 into the parallel holes until the crown 132 is indirect contact with the bone. The surgeon may then close the incision byway of suturing.

As will be recognized, some surgical procedures may necessitate removinga surgical staple, such as the surgical staple 116, from a bone fusionor fixation site of a patent. It is envisioned that the surgeon may liftthe crown 132 away from the patient's bone surface by way of a suitableremoval tool so as to create enough clearance for the surgeon to engagethe grips 120, 124 between the bone and the crown 132. With the firstand second grips 120, 124 suitably engaged with the crown 132, thesurgeon may turn the proximal handle 104 clockwise to distally advancethe driver 128 into contact with the center of the crown 132. Upontwisting the proximal handle 104 so as to place the surgical staple 116into the distracted configuration illustrated in FIG. 3A, the surgeonmay use the surgical bending instrument 100 to pull the first and secondlegs 136, 140 free of the patient's bone.

FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate ghost views of an exemplary embodiment of asurgical bending instrument 160 retaining the surgical staple 116 inaccordance with the present disclosure. The surgical bending instrument160 illustrated in FIGS. 4A-4B is similar to the surgical bendinginstrument 100 illustrated in FIGS. 1-2 , with the exception that thesurgical bending instrument 160 comprises a side lever 164 coupled witha driver 168. The side lever 164 comprises a wheel 172 which isrotatably mounted on a pivot 176 within a body 180 of the surgicalbending instrument 160. The wheel 172 is in sliding contact with aproximal portion of the driver 168, such that the side lever 164 may berotated from a distal position, illustrated in FIG. 4A, to a proximalposition as shown in FIG. 4B. The wheel 172 further comprises a cam 184configured to push the driver 168 distally within the body 180 into thecrown 132 when the side lever 164 is rotated to the proximal position.As will be appreciated, the cam 184 and the driver 168 exert adistally-directed force onto the crown 132, thereby distracting thesurgical staple 116, as illustrated in FIG. 4B and described herein withrespect to FIGS. 3A and 3B.

It will be appreciated that moving the side lever 164 to distract thesurgical staple 116 requires a degree of force to be placed onto thelever. A proximal surface 188 of the body 180 advantageously facilitatesgrasping and stabilizing the surgical bending instrument 160 while theside lever 164 is moved during distraction of the surgical staple 116. Anarrow midsection 192 of the body 180 further enables grasping andstabilizing the surgical bending instrument 160 during distraction ofthe staple 116.

FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate proximal views of an exemplary embodiment ofa surgical bending instrument 196 retaining the surgical staple 116 inaccordance with the present disclosure. The surgical bending instrument196 illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B is similar to the surgical bendinginstrument 160 illustrated in FIGS. 4A-4B, with the exception that theinstrument 196 comprises a center lever 200 rotatably positioned withinan opening 204 of a body 208. As best illustrated in FIG. 5A, the centerlever 200 comprises a wheel 212 and a cam 216 positioned on a peripheryof the wheel. The wheel 212 is rotatably mounted on a pivot 220 withinthe body 208. Unlike previously described embodiments, in the embodimentof FIGS. 5A-5B, the wheel 212 is in direct contact with the crown 132,in absence of a separately, coupled driver. In the embodimentillustrated in FIGS. 5A-5B, the cam 216 operates substantially similarlyto the driver described herein. It will be appreciated that the cam 216is positioned on the wheel so as to exert a distally-directed force onthe crown 132 when the center lever 200 is moved from a distal position,illustrated in FIG. 5A, to a proximal position shown in FIG. 5B. Asdescribed herein, the distally-directed force on the crown 132 distractsthe surgical staple 116 such that the staple may be implanted in thebone of the patent.

As best illustrated in FIG. 5B, the center lever 200 further comprises aslot 224 adjacent to the wheel 212. It will be appreciated that the slot224 advantageously allows the center lever 200 to be placed into thedistal position while the surgical staple 116 is clasped in the firstand second grips 120, 124. In some embodiments, the slot 224 isconfigured to cooperate with the first and second grips 120, 124 so asto retain the surgical staple 116 in the surgical bending instrumentwhile the staple is in the initial configuration, as shown in FIG. 5A.

It should be understood that although embodiments of the surgicalbending instrument have been discussed in combination with the surgicalstaple 116, the surgical bending instruments 100, 160, 196 are not to belimited to distracting surgical staples. Rather, the surgical bendinginstruments 100, 160, 196 may be used in various capacities other thanas described herein, such as by way of non-limiting example, bending abone fusion plate so as to tailor the plate to a specific anatomy of apatient's bone being treated. Accordingly, it is envisioned that thesurgical bending instruments 100, 160, 196 may be packaged into sterilesurgery-specific kits comprising other surgical tools and components,such as by way of non-limiting example, drill guides, drill sizers,tamps, forceps, staple removal tools, drills, temporary pins, drilldepth stops, fusion bone plates, bone plate fasteners, compressionscrews, and the like. Further, the surgical bending instruments 100,160, 196 preferably comprise a rigid material suitable for bendingsurgical implants, such as surgical staples and bone fusion plates, asdescribed herein. In some embodiments, the surgical bending instruments100, 160, 196 comprise metal, plastic, or a combination of the two.

Embodiments of the surgical bending instruments 100, 160, 196 have beendescribed in combination with the surgical staple 116. It is to beunderstood, however, that the surgical staple 116 is not to be limitedto the particular embodiment of the surgical staple described inconnection with FIGS. 1-5B. As such, it is contemplated that in someembodiments, multiple teeth suitable for engaging with bone may bedisposed on one or more surfaces of the surgical staple 116, such as,for example, along a backspan or crown of the staple. In the embodimentof the surgical staple 116, for example, a multiplicity of teeth 240 aredisposed along an inner side of each of the legs 136, 140 of thesurgical staple 116 so as to discourage movement of the staple onceimplanted in bone. The teeth 240 may be biased toward the crown 132 soas to facilitate inserting the staple into bone, while discouraging thestaple from backing out of the bone after implantation.

FIG. 6 illustrates a side plan view of an exemplary embodiment of asurgical staple 244 that may be implanted into bone in accordance withthe present disclosure. The surgical staple 244 is similar to thesurgical staple 116, and thus the surgical staple 244 generally is ofthe variety indicated for fixation of osteotomies and joint arthrodesesof the hands and feet. In some embodiments, the surgical staple 244 maybe comprised of a material that is amenable to being placed into thedistracted configuration and relaxed therefrom, such as by way of any ofthe surgical bending instruments 100, 160, 196. To this end, thesurgical staple 244 may be comprised of a metal alloy that exhibitsshape memory and superelastic properties, such as Nitinol or othersimilar material.

As shown in FIG. 6 , multiple teeth 248 are disposed along an inner sideof the first and second legs 136, 140. The teeth 248 are biased towardthe crown 132, such that the teeth 248 engage with bone and prevent thestaple from backing out of the bone after implantation, yet the teeth248 offer relatively little resistance during implantation of thesurgical staple 244 into the bone. Although seven of the teeth 248 areshown disposed along each of the legs 136, 140, it is contemplated thatmore or less than seven teeth 248 may be incorporated along the legs136, 140 in various other embodiments of the surgical staple 244. Inaddition to the teeth 248, multiple exterior teeth 252 may be disposedalong the first and second legs 136, 140. As shown in FIG. 6 , thesurgical staple 244 includes two exterior teeth 252 disposed on anoutside of each of the legs 136, 140, near the crown 132. The exteriorteeth 252 cooperate with the teeth 248 to engage the bone and preventmovement of the surgical staple 244 after being implanted into the bone.

Moreover, teeth similar to the teeth 248, 252 are not limited to beingdisposed along the first and second legs 136, 140, but rather teeth, aswell as various other advantageous structures, may be incorporated intothe crown 132, without limitation. For example, in the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 6 , two teeth 256 are disposed on the lower surfaceof the crown 132. The teeth 256 are biased toward a centerline of thecrown 132 so as to engage with bone and prevent lateral movement of thecrown 132 along the surface of the bone. In another example, FIG. 7illustrates an embodiment of a surgical staple 260 comprised of a crown264 that includes an upper reinforced portion 268 and a valley 272underneath the reinforced portion. In the illustrated embodiment, thevalley 272 is centrally disposed along the lower surface of the crown264 and bordered by edges 276. As will be appreciated, the edges 276 areconfigured to engage with bone and prevent lateral movement of the crown264 along the surface of the bone once the surgical staple 260 isimplanted. The reinforced portion 268 imparts structural integrity tothe surgical staple 260 in compensation for the presence of the valley264.

FIG. 8 illustrates a side plan view of an exemplary embodiment of asurgical staple 280 that is indicated for fixation of osteotomies andjoint arthrodeses of the hands and feet. The surgical staple 280 issimilar to the surgical staple 244, illustrated in FIG. 6 , and thus thesurgical staple 280 is comprised of a first leg 136 and a second leg 240that both include inner teeth 248 and exterior teeth 252, as describedhereinabove. Unlike the surgical staple 244, however, the surgicalstaple 280 is comprised of a crown 284 that is includes a wing portion288 that extends beyond each of the legs 136, 140. Disposed at oppositeends of the crown 284, the wing portions 288 cooperate with the teeth248, 252, as well as with the center portion of the crown 284, to fixatethe surgical staple 280 once implanted in bone.

It should be understood that the wing portions 288 are not to be limitedto being incorporated into the illustrated embodiment of the surgicalstaple 280, shown in FIG. 8 , but rather the wing portions 288 may bepracticed in combination with any of various features disclosed inconnection with the surgical staples 244, 260. For example, in someembodiments, the wing portions 288 may be incorporated into the crown132 comprising the surgical staple 244. Thus, the wing portions 288 andthe teeth 252 may cooperate to fixate the surgical staple 244 onceimplanted into bone. Further, in some embodiments, the wing portions 288may be combined with the upper reinforced portion 268 and the valley 272to fixate the surgical staple 260 implanted in bone. It is furthercontemplated, therefore, that in some embodiments, the wing portions 288may be practiced in absence of any or all of the teeth 248, 252, thereinforced portion 268, and the valley 272, without limitation.

In some embodiments, the wing portions 288 may be configured to receivethe first and second grips 120, 124 of the surgical bending instrument100 so as to place the surgical staple 280 into the distractedconfiguration, as described herein. For example, the first and secondgrips 120, 124 may be configured to cooperate so as to support the wingportions 288 of the crown 284 when the driver 128 is placed intoforcible contact with the center of the crown 284. The force on thecrown 284 due to the driver 128 and the force on the wing portions 288due to the grips 120, 124 operate to retain the surgical staple 280within the distal force applicator 112, thereby facilitating implantingthe staple into the patient. As will be appreciated, engaging the wingportions 288 on opposite sides of the crown 284 advantageously preventsthe surgical staple 280 from becoming dislodged from the distal forcedapplicator 112 during distracting the staple or implantation into thepatient.

FIG. 9 illustrates an upper perspective view of an exemplary embodimentof a surgical staple 292 that may be implanted into bone in accordancewith the present disclosure. The surgical staple 292 generally isindicated for fixation of osteotomies and joint arthrodeses of the handsand feet. In some embodiments, the surgical staple 292 may be comprisedof a material that is amenable to being placed into the distractedconfiguration and relaxed therefrom, such as by way of any of thesurgical bending instruments 100, 160, 196. Similar to the surgicalstaples discussed with respect to FIGS. 2-8 , the surgical staple 292may be comprised of a metal alloy that exhibits shape memory andsuperelastic properties, such as Nitinol or other similar material.

As will be appreciated, the surgical staple 292 is similar to thesurgical staple 244, illustrated in FIG. 6 , with the exception that thesurgical staple 292 is comprised of four legs in lieu of the first andsecond legs 136, 140 comprising the surgical staple 244. As shown inFIG. 9 , the surgical staple 292 is comprised of a first transverseportion 296 disposed at one end of a crown 300 and a second transverseportion 304 disposed at an opposite end of the crown 300. A first leg308 and a second leg 312 extend downward and parallelly from oppositeends of the first transverse portion 296. Similarly, a third leg 316 anda fourth leg 320 extend downward and parallelly from opposing ends ofthe second transverse portion 304. The first and second legs 308, 312angle respectively toward the third and fourth legs 316, 320, giving thesurgical staple 292 a resemblance of two of the surgical staples 244coupled together in parallel. Thus, the first leg 308 and the third leg316 cooperate similarly to the legs 136, 140 of a first surgical staple244, and the second leg 312 and the fourth leg 320 cooperate similarlyto the legs 136, 140 of a second surgical staple 244. As such, thesurgical staple 292 is particularly well suited for implantation intofour holes that are drilled in bone across a bone fusion site.

It is contemplated that any of the legs 308, 312, 316, 320 may bepracticed in combination with any of the various features disclosedhereinabove in connection with the surgical staples 244, 260, 280,without limitation. For example, in the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 9, each of the legs 308, 312, 316, 320 includes multiple inner teeth 248and a pair of exterior teeth 252, as described herein. The teeth 248disposed on the first and second legs 308, 312 are oriented toward theteeth 248 disposed on the third and fourth legs 316, 320. Thus, once thesurgical staple 292 is implanted into bone and allowed to relax from thedistracted configuration, the legs 308, 312, 316, 320 cooperativelycompress the bones to be fused as the staple attempts to return to theinitial configuration illustrated in FIG. 9 . The teeth 248 engage withthe bone and ensure that the implanted surgical staple 292 remainsfixated. The exterior teeth 252 operate similarly to the teeth 248,engaging with the bone and fixating the surgical staple 292, asdisclosed herein.

It is contemplated that the surgical staple 292 may be practiced incombination with any of various features disclosed in connection withthe surgical staples 244, 260, 280, without limitation. For example, insome embodiments, the wing portions 288 may be incorporated into thecrown 300. In some embodiments, wing portions 288 may be coupled withthe opposite ends of each of the first and second transverse portions296, 304. It is envisioned, therefore, that the wing portions 288 maycooperate with the teeth 248, 252 to fixate the surgical staple 292 onceimplanted into bone. Further, in some embodiments, the wing portions 288may be incorporated into the crown 300 in combination with the upperreinforced portion 268 and the valley 272 to fixate the surgical staple260 implanted in bone. Moreover, in some embodiments, the wing portions288 may be incorporated into the surgical staple 292 in lieu of any orall of the teeth 248, 252, the reinforced portion 268, and the valley272, without limitation.

While the invention has been described in terms of particular variationsand illustrative figures, those of ordinary skill in the art willrecognize that the invention is not limited to the variations or figuresdescribed. In addition, where methods and steps described above indicatecertain events occurring in certain order, those of ordinary skill inthe art will recognize that the ordering of certain steps may bemodified and that such modifications are in accordance with thevariations of the invention. Additionally, certain of the steps may beperformed concurrently in a parallel process when possible, as well asperformed sequentially as described above. To the extent there arevariations of the invention, which are within the spirit of thedisclosure or equivalent to the inventions found in the claims, it isthe intent that this patent will cover those variations as well.Therefore, the present disclosure is to be understood as not limited bythe specific embodiments described herein, but only by scope of theappended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A surgical staple system for fixating osteotomiesand joint arthrodeses, comprising: a crown comprising an elongate memberhaving a first end and a second end; a first leg coupled with the firstend and extending obliquely from the crown toward a centerline of thecrown; a second leg coupled with the second end and extending obliquelyfrom the crown toward the centerline of the crown, the first leg and thesecond leg extending toward one another and sharing an acute angle; acenter lever rotatably positioned within an opening of a body, thecenter lever comprising a wheel and a cam; such that the wheel isrotatably mounted on a pivot within the body; and a plurality of teethdisposed on an inner side of the first leg and an inner side the secondleg, the plurality of teeth being configured to engage with a bone. 2.The surgical staple system of claim 1, wherein the surgical staple iscomprised of a material that is amenable to being placed into adistracted configuration and relaxed therefrom.
 3. The surgical staplesystem of claim 2, wherein the material is comprised of a metal alloythat exhibits shape memory and superelastic properties.
 4. The surgicalstaple system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of teeth are biasedtoward the crown, such that the plurality of teeth offer relativelylittle resistance during implantation of the surgical staple into thebone and fixate the surgical staple within the bone after implantation.5. The surgical staple system of claim 4, wherein the plurality of teethis comprised of seven teeth disposed along each of the first leg and thesecond leg.
 6. The surgical staple system of claim 1, wherein one ormore exterior teeth are disposed along each of the first leg and thesecond leg, the one or more exterior teeth being configured to cooperatewith the plurality of teeth to engage the bone and prevent movement ofthe surgical staple after being implanted into the bone.
 7. The surgicalstaple system of claim 1, wherein one or more teeth are disposed alongthe crown and configured to engage with bone and prevent lateralmovement of the crown along the surface of the bone.
 8. The surgicalstaple system of claim 7, wherein the one or more teeth disposed alongthe crown are biased toward a centerline of the crown.
 9. The surgicalstaple system of claim 1, wherein the crown further comprises an upperreinforced portion and a valley underneath the reinforced portion, thevalley being centrally disposed along a lower surface of the crown andbordered by edges.
 10. The surgical staple system of claim 9, whereinthe edges are configured to engage with bone and prevent lateralmovement of the crown along the surface of the bone once the surgicalstaple is implanted.
 11. The surgical staple system of claim 9, whereinthe reinforced portion is configured to impart structural integrity tothe surgical staple in compensation for the presence of the valley. 12.The surgical staple system of claim 1, wherein the crown is comprised ofwing portions disposed at opposite ends of the crown and extendingbeyond the first leg and the second leg.
 13. The surgical staple systemof claim 12, wherein the wing portions are configured to cooperate withat least the plurality of teeth to fixate the surgical staple onceimplanted in the bone.
 14. The surgical staple system of claim 12,wherein the wing portions are configured to receive grips of a surgicalbending instrument that are configured to place the surgical staple intoa distracted configuration.
 15. A surgical staple system for fixatingosteotomies and joint arthrodeses, comprising: a crown comprised of anelongate member having a first end and a second end; a first transverseportion disposed at the first end; a second transverse portion disposedat the second end; a first leg and a second leg extending downward andparallelly from opposite ends of the first transverse portion; a thirdleg and a fourth leg extending downward and parallelly from opposingends of the second transverse portion; wherein the first leg and thethird leg extend obliquely from the crown toward the center line andshare an intervening acute angle, and wherein the second leg and thefourth leg extend obliquely from the crown toward the centerline andshare an intervening acute angle; a center lever rotatably positionedwithin an opening of a body, the center lever comprising a wheel and acam; the center lever further comprising a slot adjacent to the wheel;and a plurality of teeth disposed on each of the first leg, the secondleg, the third leg, and the fourth leg and oriented toward a centerlineof the crown.
 16. The surgical staple system of claim 15, wherein theplurality of teeth disposed on the first leg and the plurality of teethdisposed on the third leg are oriented toward one another and biasedtoward the crown, such that the first leg and the third leg cooperate toengage with a bone disposed therebetween.
 17. The surgical staple systemof claim 15, wherein the plurality of teeth disposed on the second legand the plurality of teeth disposed on the fourth leg are orientedtoward one another and biased toward the crown, such that the second legand the fourth leg cooperate to engage with a bone disposedtherebetween.
 18. The surgical staple system of claim 15, wherein one ormore exterior teeth are disposed along at least one of the first leg,the second leg, the third leg, and the fourth leg, the one or moreexterior teeth being configured to cooperate with the plurality of teethto engage a bone and prevent movement of the surgical staple after beingimplanted into the bone.
 19. The surgical staple system of claim 15,wherein wing portions are disposed at opposite ends of the crown andextending beyond the first transverse portion and the second transverseportion.
 20. The surgical staple system of claim 19, wherein the wingportions are configured to receive grips of a surgical bendinginstrument that are configured to place the surgical staple into adistracted configuration.